Product Description
BISON High Quality 12Hp Single Cylinder Air-Cooled 4-Stroke Diesel Engine (192F)
Product Description
Excellent combustion efficiency to produce high economic benefits. Regulation systems and warning systems, are safe to use.
1. Ultra-low fuel consumption
2. Powerful and powerful
3. Low noise volume
4. A variety of output forms for customers to choose
Product Parameters
| HangZhou CZPT INDUSTRY MACHINERY CO., LTD Diesel engine | ||||||||
| Model Name | 173F | 178F | 186FA | 188F | 192F | 195F | 1100F | 1103F |
| Engine Type | Single-cylinder,vertical,4-stroke air-cooled diesel engine | |||||||
| Bore x Stroke | 73X59 | 78×62 | 86×72 | 88×75 | 92×75 | 95×75 | 100×84 | 103×88 |
| Engine Model | 247cc | 296cc | 418cc | 456cc | 498cc | 531cc | 660cc | 718cc |
| Max Output | (5.7HP)4.2kw | (6HP)4.4kw | (9.6HP)7.1kw | (11HP)8kw | (12HP)9kw | (13HP)9.5kw | (14HP)10.5kw | (15HP)11kw |
| RPM | 3600 | |||||||
| Fuel Cap/Working Time | 2.5 Liters/ 2.5 Hr | 3.5 Liters/ 2 Hr | 5.5 Liters/ 2 Hr | |||||
| G./Net weight | 30/25kg | 36/31kg | 55/50kg | 55/50kg | 56/51kg | 56/51kg | 65/60kg | 65/60kg |
Company Profile
BISON Diesel Products
Cooperation Brand
Certifications & Exhibition
Export Case & Good Review
FAQ
Q: Are you a trading company or manufacturer?
A: We are a factory.
Q: How can I get your catalog?
A: Send an inquiry to us and tell us u need our catalog, our sales will reply to u within 6 hours with the catalog.
Q: Can I get a sample to check the quality before mass order?
A: Yes, you can.Welcome to place a sample order to check our quality. I do believe our high-quality products will bring
more orders for you from your clients!
Q: Any guarantee for your products?
A: Our company’s culture is”Quality is our culture!”All of our products with 12 monthly GUARANTEE, never need to
worry about the after-sale service, we will always be here to support your business!
Q: Any certifications for your products?
A: Our products can pass CE, ROHS, Euro 5, and EMC certifications, so they can be sold CZPT safely!
Q: Do u support OEM/ODM service?
A: Yes, we do support, we have an experienced R&D team, so welcome to place OEM/ODM orders to us.
Q: At last, about the payment terms, any convenient and safe way for our buyers?
A: We have PayPal, MIC pay, L/C, T/T payment terms options, do business with us, your money will be safe, your
the business will be safe!
Why Choose BISON?
1. Your One-stop sourcing option! offers a complete range of mechanical products including generators, water pumps, engines and high pressure washers, Light Construction Equipment, Power Tool and more. Can help you reduce time and energy consumption.
2. Better understand what you need, what you care about, not only to provide competitive prices of quality products, OEM services to satisfy yours and strictly control the entire production process to ensure on-time delivery. Super professional service, from pre-sale, sale to after-sales service. We are not only working partners but also friends and family.
3. At present, the company has passed Euro V certification, CE certification and iso9001 management system certification. At the same time, it is a new manufacturing factory that continuously innovates and applies to product manufacturing.
Q: Are you a trading company or manufacturer?
A: We are a factory.
Q: How can I get your catalog?
A: Send an inquiry to us and tell us u need our catalog, our sales will reply to u within 6 hours with the catalog.
Q: Can I get a sample to check the quality before mass order?
A: Yes, you can.Welcome to place sample order to check our quality. I do believe our high-quality products will bring
more orders for you from your clients!
Q: Any guarantee for your products?
A: Our company’s culture is”Quality is our culture!”All of our products with 12 months GUARANTEE, never need to
worry about the after-sale service, we will always be here to support your business!
Q: Any certifications for your products?
A: Our products can pass CE, ROHS, Euro 5, EMC certifications, so they can be sold CZPT safely!
Q: Do u support OEM/ODM service?
A: Yes, we do support, we have an experienced R&D team, so welcome to place OEM/ODM orders to us.
Q: At last, about the payment terms, any convenient and safe way for our buyers?
A: We have PayPal, MIC pay, L/C, T/T payment terms options, do business with us, your money will be safe, your
the business will be safe!
Why Choose BISON?
1. Supply you top quality products with Competitive Prices under the same quality level,
different products according to your different market demands.
2. Strictly Control the whole production process and guarantee punctual delivery, Test each of our products
one by 1 before packing to ensure the quality.
3. Supply you a good pre-sale, in-sale, and after-sale service. We’re not just working partners, but also
Friends and Family.
4. When you come to our Factory, we will try our best to supply you with all services to make you feel
at home.
| After-sales Service: | Technical Support, Provide Spare Parts |
|---|---|
| Warranty: | 12 Months |
| Ignition Mode: | Compression-Ignition |
| Speed: | High Speed |
| Cooling Cylinder: | Air-Cooled |
| Intake Pressure Impulse: | Naturally Aspirated |
| Customization: |
Available
| Customized Request |
|---|
Choosing the Right PTO Shaft For Your Tractor
There are a number of different PTO shaft types available for your tractor. These include the North American, German and Italian styles. They are also available in various series, each with different options for bearing diameter and cap-to-cap overall length. To choose the best shaft for your tractor, it’s important to know what kind of tractor you own and the type of PTO that you need.
IID shaft
When it comes to choosing the best IID shaft for your PTO, the selection process can be a challenge. Whether you are replacing the shaft in your own tractor or need to purchase one for a client, there are several factors to consider. The right PTO shaft for your tractor should be compatible with the equipment you currently use. For instance, a shaft that can be used in a farm tractor will fit a different farm tractor than one used in a construction machine.
First of all, a safety shield is a critical part of your IID shaft. The shielding will help keep the entire shaft free of any potential hazards. Typically, shielding will cover the straight part of the shaft, universal joints, and PTO connection. A shield can also help protect you from injury if you accidentally run into the shaft or touch the guard.
A power take off shaft will be the best choice if you are using a tractor for other applications, such as mowing, shredding, or plowing. A PTO shaft is also a crucial part if you own a large tractor or implement. It will allow you to operate your equipment with maximum efficiency.
An IID shaft is designed to slide into another piece when the tractor’s PTO is engaged. A disconnected IID shaft can pull the two pieces apart and cause the tractor to swing uncontrollably when it is engaged. This can cause serious injuries or even death. You should not engage a PTO if you aren’t certain of its strength.
To ensure the safety of the driveline shield, check for proper alignment of the PTO shaft. If it isn’t aligned properly, foreign materials can enter the shaft bearings. A damaged driveline shield can also lead to driveline separation, particularly when the tractor is making sharp turns or downhills. In addition, improper alignment of the drawbar may damage the protective shield that protects the shaft.
Choosing the right PTO series size requires proper measuring of each part. Measure the length of each yoke outside the PTO shaft and determine the appropriate PTO series size. The PTO yoke size chart can be helpful when choosing the correct size for your tractor.
Reverse PTO
Many different applications call for a reverse PTO shaft. These adapters allow the PTO shaft to be turned in the opposite direction of the engine, matching the rotation of the power take-off to the rotation of the equipment it drives. They can be used to space the power take-off away from the transmission case and improve clearance for a direct-coupled pump or driveshaft.
Reverse PTO shafts are available for CZPT . They are designed for six-spline 540-rpm applications. They also offer the option of multi-speed operation. Reversed PTOs are a great option for implements that can get stuck.
Reverse PTOs can be used on most types of PTO. The reverse version has a gearbox that allows it to rotate backward. These are ideal for implements that can get stuck in a field. A reverse PTO shaft makes it possible to work with the implement without having to wait for it to get unstuck.
When using a PTO, it’s important to know which type of gearbox is needed. If you have an older model, you’ll probably need a reverse PTO shaft. These are generally used on older, vintage tractors with ground drive PTO. The ground speed pTO shafts match the speed of the tractor’s final drive, so when the tractor is in reverse, the gearbox will turn backward. This feature will not function if you’re working stationary, though.
A tractor with a reverse PTO is important for a number of reasons. For example, the reverse PTO can help you turn a stuck tractor in the opposite direction, which is useful when a piece of farm equipment becomes stuck in mud or when you need to push a stuck implement back. In addition, it allows you to use the tractor’s power to operate various implements. The reverse PTO also helps you know how much power is needed to run various implements on various terrain.
In addition to being convenient, reverse PTO shafts also help reduce the risk of damage to implements attached to the PTO. It’s vital to keep a PTO shaft in good working order.
Square rigid shaft
When you are looking for a new square rigid PTO shaft, you should consider a few factors. Choosing the right one can be a challenge, as the process is not always simple. For instance, there are a lot of choices when it comes to different brands and interpretations. You can even choose to purchase a square rigid shaft that is not square.
Torsional rigidity is a measure of the ability of a shaft to resist torsional forces. The higher the value of J, the more rigid the shaft will be. For example, a steel shaft has a higher torsional rigidity than an HDPE shaft. The correct value of J can have a big impact on the design decisions.
Another factor to consider is the type of shaft coupling. Rigid shaft couplings are best for shafts that are perfectly aligned. While flexible couplings are flexible enough to accommodate small misalignments, they are not as flexible as the flexible ones. Rigid shaft couplings, which are typically made of metal, are not designed for high-speed rotation.
Rigid couplings are a good choice for a wide range of applications. Rigid couplings are available in many sizes and configurations, and can be used with either a powered or an unsupported shaft. Rigid couplings are also available with keyways to transmit torque.
Torsional rigidity depends on the geometry of the components. A higher torsional rigidity means a shaft is more resilient to twisting. However, excessive twisting can result in unstable performance. As a result, it is important to avoid over-twisting a shaft.
Flange couplings are another option. These couplings have two flanges that are attached to each other with bolts or nuts. They are very similar to split muff couplings and sleeve couplings. The difference is that flange couplings have two flanges – one for the shaft and one for the coupling hub.
If you are thinking about purchasing a square rigid PTO shaft for your tractor, be sure to consider the features that will best serve your specific needs. While you may be considering the price of this new shaft, remember that it is a machine part that could be dangerous.
Economy PTO
There are several standard types of PTO shafts. They can vary in diameter and number of splines, and are designed to work with a specific speed range. The following are the main differences between these types. Choosing the right type for your application will depend on its application. One of the most important considerations to make when choosing a PTO shaft is the ratio between the shaft’s diameter and the toothed wheels that are attached to it.
When choosing a PTO shaft, consider the amount of torque you need. In general, an economy PTO shaft should be able to support a maximum load of 540 Nm. In addition, it should be able to handle a high-speed output. An economy PTO shaft may need less torque than a high-performance model.
Economy PTO shafts come in two basic styles: North American and Italian. These two types are designed to provide constant-speed output and balance the power input of a tractor. There are also various other styles of PTO shafts available, including square and rectangular half-shaft assemblies. You can also purchase extra parts to repair a worn PTO shaft.
The control/monitoring unit in a PTO includes a screen display and a manual control for selecting engaged or disengaged PTO states. In addition, there is a switch in the cab mounted control unit 14 that selects normal and economy modes when driving the PTO. These modes utilize different gears to achieve the desired PTO shaft revs.
To select the right PTO speed, select the lever in economy mode and increase the throttle to the appropriate rpm. The PTO speed should be 540 RPM. The control/monitoring unit 14 will use this information to adjust the clutch control parameters. In addition to the PTO speed, it will also display the torque on the PTO shaft.
Economy PTO shafts are ideal for a variety of applications. These PTOs allow the tractor to run at lower rpms, thereby reducing noise and vibrations. They are typically available in both hydraulic and mechanical types.
editor by CX 2023-06-01
China high quality Hydraulic Cylinder Hard Chrome Plated Piston Rod for Single Acting Truck pto shaft cap
Product Description
-
If you have any questions, please feel free contact our customer service!
| Material: | Carbon Steel |
|---|---|
| Load: | Drive Shaft |
| Stiffness & Flexibility: | Flexible Shaft |
| Journal Diameter Dimensional Accuracy: | IT6-IT9 |
| Axis Shape: | Straight Shaft |
| Shaft Shape: | Real Axis |
| Samples: |
US$ 1/Meter
1 Meter(Min.Order) | |
|---|
PTO Shaft Safety Chains
PTO shaft is the part of a tractor that helps transfer power from the tractor to the equipment it is hooked to. A PTO shaft is important if you have a tiller or bush hog. The correct PTO shaft size is crucial for both the tractor and the equipment. If the PTO shaft size is not correct for your equipment, it may not work.
Safety chains
<br/Safety chains are an essential part of securing your PTO shaft. They prevent a rotating plastic shield from coming loose and causing injury or damage. It is important to protect your PTO and any other drive shafts on your machine. Watch the video below for more information about the dangers of unguarded PTOs.
PTOs are an efficient way to transfer mechanical power between tractors and implements. They helped revolutionize North American agriculture during the 1930s. Despite their convenience, PTOs have also proven to be one of the most common farm machinery hazards. This fact sheet outlines several important PTO safety precautions.
Safety chains for PTO shafts are necessary to protect both tractor and implement from damage. The PTO shaft must be attached properly to the tractor and the implement before starting the equipment. Before operating, be sure that the safety chains are positioned in a way that allows them to fully move. When operating the PTO, avoid being too aggressive as this can damage the drive line and shaft. For further safety, make sure to fit a torque limiter or clutch on the implement end of the PTO shaft.
PTOs are great for plowing, mowing, and shredding, but they also have potential to cause injuries if you don’t use a safety chain. It’s best to get a chain that is long enough to prevent injuries. Also, be sure that the PTO shaft does not compress completely at any point during the operating range. There should be several inches of overlap in the longest operating extension of the PTO.
Another common hazard with PTOs is IID shafts. While many machines and tractors have driveline guards, these are often missing. If you have a PTO with an IID, you should consider installing a safety chain.
Shield
A swingable tractor PTO shaft shield assembly consists of an inverted U-shaped shield member slidably attached to a bracket. It extends above the PTO shaft and has several notches and pins that engage each other. It can be held in a number of positions and can be retracted when not in use. It also includes a cover member that covers the space between the shield and tractor and abuts the raised portion of the shield member.
The PTO shaft shield is typically made of plastic, but it can also be made of metal. Plastic is less likely to break or damage than metal. The shield is supported by a bracket 51 with a curved distal end 57 and a non-metallic guard 59. When used in conjunction with a bracket, a PTO shaft shield should be properly installed to prevent damage to the shaft.
Keeping the PTO shaft shield in good condition is crucial to the safety of your tractor and your workers. An improperly installed PTO shaft shield can result in severe injuries. It may also ensnare or strike people in the vicinity. Proper maintenance will prevent many of these injuries. Equipment manufacturers have made great strides in reducing the risks of PTO mishaps. Operators are also responsible for keeping the shields in good condition. Removing the guards will only increase the risk to the operator.
A PTO shaft shield is a tubular assembly that is mounted on the tractor PTO shaft. It consists of two telescopic pieces that are held in place by shield support bearings. This shield protects the PTO shaft and the universal joints from debris and prevents premature wear. The shield can be easily removed and replaced if necessary.
IID shaft guard
The IID shaft guard is a safety device used to protect PTO powered machinery from the possibility of separating while in use. The shaft, which is a telescoping shaft, is attached to the PTO stub on tractors. The telescopic feature is convenient when moving across uneven ground. However, this type of shaft can cause serious injury if it separates while in use.
The IID shaft guard can prevent these injuries by completely covering the shaft. The guard is made of metal or plastic and rotates along with the shaft. A person can react in less than five tenths of a second, making the IID shaft guard an important part of PTO safety.
PTO shafts rotate at speeds as high as 540 rpm, which is very fast. A limb could be wrapped around the driveline shaft, causing a serious injury or death. Because of the speed of a PTO, it can be difficult for an individual to discern whether it is engaged or not and may not be aware of the danger.
An IID shaft guard should be fitted to every tractor PTO shaft. It should be tested and rotated regularly. It is also important to keep the tractor engine off when working around the PTO shaft. Using a drawbar to protect driveline components is also important. It will prevent stress on the driveline and reduce the possibility of separation.
Overrunning clutch
An overrunning clutch on a PTO shaft is a mechanism that allows the PTO shaft to rotate freely in one direction while restricting the speed of the implement being hauled behind the tractor. This clutch is also useful for preventing the speed of the implement from exceeding the speed of the tractor while slowing down. It comes in two basic configurations, one for a clockwise and the other for a counter-clockwise direction.
Another type of overrun clutch is used on tractors with a PTO driven bush hog. A bush hog has a flywheel and blades that drive the transmission through the PTO shaft. Without an overrunning clutch, these implements would freewheel while the tractor is driving and would potentially break the shaft.
A PTO overrunning clutch prevents power from backfeeding into the transmission, the part that transmits power to the rear wheels. Without an overrunning clutch, the tractor could backfeed power, causing an accident if the blade assembly hits an object. As such, it is essential to use the overrunning clutch to ensure that your tractor will be safe.
Direction of rotation
Despite its name, the direction of rotation of a PTO shaft can change if necessary. Most PTOs have a single-direction rotation, but you can often reverse the direction by installing a reverse PTO adapter. However, you should only use reverse PTOs when absolutely necessary.
A standard PTO rotation direction has been defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is considered necessary to adhere to this standard, as improper rotation can cause damage to implements attached to a PTO. This standard helps farmers avoid problems such as ruined implements. While the direction of rotation of a PTO shaft is not always the same for all PTOs, there are some tractors that allow it to rotate both ways, while others have no restrictions.
The direction of rotation of a PTO shaft can be changed by using a hydraulic pump. Another way to connect a PTO is through a “sandwich” type split shaft unit. These units are mounted between the transmission and engine, and they usually receive drive directly from the engine shaft. They can also deliver complete engine power to a PTO. However, you must modify your vehicle’s driveline to install such a split-shaft unit.
editor by CX 2023-05-26
China manufacturer pto drive shaft with single coupling constant velocity pto shaft
Condition: New
Warranty: 1.5 several years
Applicable Industries: Farms
Showroom Area: None
Video outgoing-inspection: Provided
Machinery Examination Report: Not Accessible
Advertising and marketing Kind: New Merchandise 2571
Variety: Shafts
Use: Tractors
Tube: Triangle /Lemon /Star /Involute Spline Tube
Yoke: Splined yoke / Simple Bore yoke / Tube yoke
Yoke Processing: Forging or Casting
Clutch: Friction clutch/ Ratchet clutch/ Shear Bolt .etc
Plastic Guard: yellow black .etc
Following Warranty Provider: Video technical support, On the internet assist
Local Service Location: None
Packaging Particulars: 1 established for every carton or your require
Port: ZheJiang
♦ Application
For Tractor, Cultivator, Harvester, Rotary Tiller, Seeder, etc
CE Certificate
♦ Shaft parts:
| Tube: Triangle tube / Lemon tube / Star tube / Involute spline tube / Sq. tube | |
| Clutch: Shear Bolt / Overrunning clutch / Ratchet Clutch / Slip clutch / Friction clutch | |
| Yoke: Splined yoke / Basic Bore yoke/ Tube yoke | |
| Guard: Series: T1- T8 Colour: yellow black | |
| Universal Cross Joint Assembly . |
♦ Technological info:
pto drive shaft with single coupling :
♦ Products:
♦ Packing:
Organization Info
FAQ1. Q: Are your goods solid or cast?
A: All of our merchandise are forged.
two. Q: Do you have a CE certificate? A: Yes, we are CE experienced.3. Q: What’s the horse electricity of the pto shaft are accessible? A: We give a complete assortment of pto shaft, ranging from 16HP-200HP.4. Q: How several splined specification do you have ? A: We create 1 1/8”-Z6, 1 3/8”-Z6, 1 3/4”-Z6, 1 3/8”- Z21, 1 3/4”-Z20, 8X42X48X8 and 8X32X38X6 splines.5. Q: What’s your payment terms? A: T/T, L/C, D/A, D/P….6. Q: What is the shipping and delivery time? A: 30 days soon after acquiring your superior deposit.7. Q: What’s your MOQ? A: one hundred PCS for each sort.
Applications of Spline Couplings
A spline coupling is a highly effective means of connecting two or more components. These types of couplings are very efficient, as they combine linear motion with rotation, and their efficiency makes them a desirable choice in numerous applications. Read on to learn more about the main characteristics and applications of spline couplings. You will also be able to determine the predicted operation and wear. You can easily design your own couplings by following the steps outlined below.
Optimal design
The spline coupling plays an important role in transmitting torque. It consists of a hub and a shaft with splines that are in surface contact without relative motion. Because they are connected, their angular velocity is the same. The splines can be designed with any profile that minimizes friction. Because they are in contact with each other, the load is not evenly distributed, concentrating on a small area, which can deform the hub surface.
Optimal spline coupling design takes into account several factors, including weight, material characteristics, and performance requirements. In the aeronautics industry, weight is an important design factor. S.A.E. and ANSI tables do not account for weight when calculating the performance requirements of spline couplings. Another critical factor is space. Spline couplings may need to fit in tight spaces, or they may be subject to other configuration constraints.
Optimal design of spline couplers may be characterized by an odd number of teeth. However, this is not always the case. If the external spline’s outer diameter exceeds a certain threshold, the optimal spline coupling model may not be an optimal choice for this application. To optimize a spline coupling for a specific application, the user may need to consider the sizing method that is most appropriate for their application.
Once a design is generated, the next step is to test the resulting spline coupling. The system must check for any design constraints and validate that it can be produced using modern manufacturing techniques. The resulting spline coupling model is then exported to an optimisation tool for further analysis. The method enables a designer to easily manipulate the design of a spline coupling and reduce its weight.
The spline coupling model 20 includes the major structural features of a spline coupling. A product model software program 10 stores default values for each of the spline coupling’s specifications. The resulting spline model is then calculated in accordance with the algorithm used in the present invention. The software allows the designer to enter the spline coupling’s radii, thickness, and orientation.
Characteristics
An important aspect of aero-engine splines is the load distribution among the teeth. The researchers have performed experimental tests and have analyzed the effect of lubrication conditions on the coupling behavior. Then, they devised a theoretical model using a Ruiz parameter to simulate the actual working conditions of spline couplings. This model explains the wear damage caused by the spline couplings by considering the influence of friction, misalignment, and other conditions that are relevant to the splines’ performance.
In order to design a spline coupling, the user first inputs the design criteria for sizing load carrying sections, including the external spline 40 of the spline coupling model 30. Then, the user specifies torque margin performance requirement specifications, such as the yield limit, plastic buckling, and creep buckling. The software program then automatically calculates the size and configuration of the load carrying sections and the shaft. These specifications are then entered into the model software program 10 as specification values.
Various spline coupling configuration specifications are input on the GUI screen 80. The software program 10 then generates a spline coupling model by storing default values for the various specifications. The user then can manipulate the spline coupling model by modifying its various specifications. The final result will be a computer-aided design that enables designers to optimize spline couplings based on their performance and design specifications.
The spline coupling model software program continually evaluates the validity of spline coupling models for a particular application. For example, if a user enters a data value signal corresponding to a parameter signal, the software compares the value of the signal entered to the corresponding value in the knowledge base. If the values are outside the specifications, a warning message is displayed. Once this comparison is completed, the spline coupling model software program outputs a report with the results.
Various spline coupling design factors include weight, material properties, and performance requirements. Weight is one of the most important design factors, particularly in the aeronautics field. ANSI and S.A.E. tables do not consider these factors when calculating the load characteristics of spline couplings. Other design requirements may also restrict the configuration of a spline coupling.
Applications
Spline couplings are a type of mechanical joint that connects two rotating shafts. Its two parts engage teeth that transfer load. Although splines are commonly over-dimensioned, they are still prone to fatigue and static behavior. These properties also make them prone to wear and tear. Therefore, proper design and selection are vital to minimize wear and tear on splines. There are many applications of spline couplings.
A key design is based on the size of the shaft being joined. This allows for the proper spacing of the keys. A novel method of hobbing allows for the formation of tapered bases without interference, and the root of the keys is concentric with the axis. These features enable for high production rates. Various applications of spline couplings can be found in various industries. To learn more, read on.
FE based methodology can predict the wear rate of spline couplings by including the evolution of the coefficient of friction. This method can predict fretting wear from simple round-on-flat geometry, and has been calibrated with experimental data. The predicted wear rate is reasonable compared to the experimental data. Friction evolution in spline couplings depends on the spline geometry. It is also crucial to consider the lubrication condition of the splines.
Using a spline coupling reduces backlash and ensures proper alignment of mated components. The shaft’s splined tooth form transfers rotation from the splined shaft to the internal splined member, which may be a gear or other rotary device. A spline coupling’s root strength and torque requirements determine the type of spline coupling that should be used.
The spline root is usually flat and has a crown on one side. The crowned spline has a symmetrical crown at the centerline of the face-width of the spline. As the spline length decreases toward the ends, the teeth are becoming thinner. The tooth diameter is measured in pitch. This means that the male spline has a flat root and a crowned spline.
Predictability
Spindle couplings are used in rotating machinery to connect two shafts. They are composed of two parts with teeth that engage each other and transfer load. Spline couplings are commonly over-dimensioned and are prone to static and fatigue behavior. Wear phenomena are also a common problem with splines. To address these issues, it is essential to understand the behavior and predictability of these couplings.
Dynamic behavior of spline-rotor couplings is often unclear, particularly if the system is not integrated with the rotor. For example, when a misalignment is not present, the main response frequency is one X-rotating speed. As the misalignment increases, the system starts to vibrate in complex ways. Furthermore, as the shaft orbits depart from the origin, the magnitudes of all the frequencies increase. Thus, research results are useful in determining proper design and troubleshooting of rotor systems.
The model of misaligned spline couplings can be obtained by analyzing the stress-compression relationships between two spline pairs. The meshing force model of splines is a function of the system mass, transmitting torque, and dynamic vibration displacement. This model holds when the dynamic vibration displacement is small. Besides, the CZPT stepping integration method is stable and has high efficiency.
The slip distributions are a function of the state of lubrication, coefficient of friction, and loading cycles. The predicted wear depths are well within the range of measured values. These predictions are based on the slip distributions. The methodology predicts increased wear under lightly lubricated conditions, but not under added lubrication. The lubrication condition and coefficient of friction are the key factors determining the wear behavior of splines.
editor by czh